Another symptom is severe hearing loss. Hearing loss Hearing Loss and Deafness read more may result from damage to the three tiny bones called the ossicles that connect the eardrum to the inner ear or from damage to the cochlea or the nerve that leads to the cochlea. If the vestibular apparatus is damaged, people may feel as if they or their surroundings are spinning vertigo or have problems with balance.
Sometimes, fluid from around the brain and spinal cord cerebrospinal fluid leaks from the brain through the fracture and appears as clear fluid draining from the ear or nose.
Leakage of this fluid indicates that the brain is exposed to possibly serious infection from bacteria in the ear canal. In modern scanners, the x-ray detector usually Doctors also may test the person's hearing and whether the face is paralyzed.
If problems are found, further testing is usually done, such as detailed hearing testing Nerve conduction studies Diagnostic procedures may be needed to confirm a diagnosis suggested by the medical history and neurologic examination. Electroencephalography EEG is a simple, painless procedure in which If facial paralysis is immediate and severe, surgery may be needed. If paralysis is mild or delayed, a corticosteroid drug given by mouth is typically prescribed.
If hearing loss stems from damage to the ossicles, the ossicles are repaired surgically. Hearing loss that results from damage to the cochlea or its nerve is usually permanent. How long hearing or balance problems last and how they're treated will depend on: what part of the ear was hurt what caused the injury how severe it is Minor injuries usually cause temporary problems.
Kids with significant hearing loss may need: listening therapy with an audiologist hearing specialist a hearing aid. These can fit inside or behind the ear and make sounds louder. An audiologist adjusts them so that the sound coming in is amplified enough to let a child hear it well. Some classrooms have these to improve hearing in group or noisy environments.
Call your doctor if your child has: had any type of ear or head injury, even if it seems minor any signs of problems with balance or hearing severe ear pain blood or fluid draining from the ear that doesn't look like earwax If there's a concern, your doctor might refer you to an ENT or an audiologist to figure out what's going on. Can Ear Injuries Be Prevented?
Not every ear injury is avoidable. But you can keep prevent some by encouraging kids to: Never stick anything in their ears, not even cotton swabs or their fingers.
Regular bathing should be enough to keep earwax at normal levels. If your child complains of ear discomfort and you see earwax in the ear, it's OK to wipe the outside of the ear with a washcloth. If earwax interferes with hearing or causes pain or discomfort, talk to your doctor about having the earwax removed in the office. Steer clear of situations with loud noise. If you or your kids have to shout to be heard from 3 feet away, that's far too loud. Turn down the volume when listening to music, especially while wearing headphones or riding in the car.
Also look for portable media or music players with "volume limiters" they may come with the device or you can buy one. The provider can decide if further treatment is needed.
Bruises, blisters, or swollen areas caused by injury may be treated by placing an ice or cold pack on the area every 1 to 2 hours for 10 to 15 minutes for the first 24 hours. To make an ice pack, put ice cubes in a plastic bag that seals at the top. Wrap the bag in a clean, thin cloth or towel.
Don't put ice directly against the skin. A direct blow to the ear that causes a large bruise or collection of blood and fluid under the skin hematoma should be checked by a healthcare provider. If there is a bruise contusion in the cartilage, a condition called a perichondral hematoma can develop. If the hematoma is not treated with drainage, it can cause a cauliflower ear deformity.
Facial paralysis can occur when the facial nerve is cut or swollen due to head injury. If the facial paralysis occurs immediately with the temporal bone fracture, sometimes surgery may be helpful to repair a cut nerve.
This decision is often based on the specific anatomy seen on the patient's CT scan. If the facial paralysis occurs on a delayed basis hours or days after injury then often the nerve is swollen and not fully cut, and conservative management without surgery is recommended.
CSF leak can occur after temporal bone fracture since the "ceiling of the ear" shares the same bone as the "floor of the brain". This can manifest as dripping of thin clear fluid from the ear, or out of the nose. Many CSF leaks heal on their own. Some patients require a lumbar drain, which is a tube that decompresses the CSF through the back. Less commonly, patients may require surgery to repair the CSF leak.
Ossicular dislocation occurs when the three middle ear hearing bones malleus, incus, stapes are no longer in continuity. This results in a conductive hearing loss.
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